Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods

 When people think of a waste treatment system, they may associate it with waste dumped into landfills or incinerated. Although such activities are an important part of the process, multiple factors are involved in creating the best integrated solid waste management (ISWM) system. For example, treatment technology can reduce the volume and toxicity of solid waste. These steps can transform it into a more convenient form of disposal. Choose and use waste treatment and disposal methods according to the form, composition and quantity of waste.

The following are the main waste treatment and disposal methods:

Heat treatment

Thermal waste treatment refers to the process of using heat to treat waste. The following are some of the most commonly used thermal waste treatment technologies:

Incineration is one of the most common waste treatment methods. The method involves burning waste in the presence of oxygen. This heat treatment method is usually used as a means of recovering electric energy or heating. This method has several advantages. It can quickly reduce the amount of waste, reduce transportation costs and reduce harmful greenhouse gas emissions.

Gasification and pyrolysis are two similar methods, both of which decompose organic waste by exposing the waste to a small amount of oxygen and a very high temperature. The pyrolysis process does not use oxygen at all, and there is very little oxygen in the gasification process. Gasification is more advantageous because it allows the combustion process to recover energy without causing air pollution.

Open combustion is a traditional thermal waste treatment method that is harmful to the environment. The incinerator used in this process has no pollution control device. They emit hexachlorobenzene, dioxins, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic compounds, and ash. Unfortunately, this method is still adopted by many local authorities internationally because it provides an inexpensive solution to solid waste.

Garbage dump and landfill

Sanitary landfills provide the most commonly used waste disposal solutions. These landfills hope to eliminate or reduce the risk of environmental or public health hazards caused by waste disposal. These locations are located where the land element acts as a natural buffer zone between the environment and the landfill. For example, landfills can be made of clay, which is very resistant to hazardous waste, or is characterized by no surface water bodies or low groundwater levels, thereby preventing the risk of water pollution. The use of sanitary landfills has the least harm to health and the environment, but the cost of establishing such landfills is relatively higher than other waste disposal methods.

Controlled landfills are more or less the same as sanitary landfills. These landfills meet many requirements as sanitary landfills, but may lack one or two. Such a dump may have a carefully planned capacity, but no unit plan. There may be no or no partial gas management, basic record keeping or regular cover.

The bioreactor landfill is the result of the latest technological research. These landfills use excellent microbiological processes to accelerate waste decomposition. The control function is to continuously add liquid to maintain the optimal moisture for microbial digestion. Liquid is added by recycling landfill leachate. When the amount of leachate is insufficient, liquid waste such as sewage sludge is used.

Biological waste treatment

Composting project is another most commonly used waste treatment method, which controls the aerobic decomposition of organic waste through the action of small invertebrates and microorganisms. The most common composting techniques include static composting, pest composting, composting composting and in-ship composting.

Anaerobic digestion plants also use biological processes to decompose organic matter. However, anaerobic digestion uses an anaerobic and bacteria-free environment to decompose waste, and compost must have air to allow microorganisms to grow.

There Are Four Ways to Deal With Waste

 You generate a lot of waste every week, but have you considered where the waste goes? Modern waste treatment methods provide you with multiple options to get rid of waste. China Recycling Sorting System supplier helps you find a solution that is both good for you and good for the environment.

Incineration

Incineration is an ideal way to describe burning waste as a method of disposal. This process generates heat, which is then used for energy. Incineration also produces by-products, including various gases and inert ash. The design of the incinerator and the burning waste determine the degree of pollution produced by this method. The filter can minimize contamination.

Incineration is economically better than recycling, because incineration of waste as an energy source is cheaper than recycling. But this is more expensive than disposing of garbage in a landfill. Incineration can reduce the amount of waste by up to 90% of the original amount. If the organic waste is incinerated, the ash produced can provide nutrients for the hydroponic solution. Incineration is the preferred method of processing toxic chemicals and hazardous waste.

Waste recycle

After the materials put into the recycling bin are processed and turned into new products or similar products, they have new uses. The most common recyclable items are plastic, paper, glass and aluminum. Recycling bins can be used in homes, offices or public places to collect recyclables before taking them to a recycling center. Many communities also offer curbside pickup of recyclable resources to make this choice easier. Recycling is the most environmentally friendly method because it does not add any waste. The disadvantage of recycling is that only certain items can be recycled, and the operation and maintenance costs of the processing plant are high.

Incineration

Compost

Composting is a natural process. Organic waste is decomposed into nutrient-rich compost, which is very suitable for your garden plants. When microorganisms are left in compost or trash bins for several months, they decompose. Composting projects retain more nutrients than incineration and are the preferred method of treating organic waste. The main disadvantage is the time it takes for organic materials to decompose into compost. This method also requires you to have enough space to pile up the compost, which will be a challenge if you live in a multi-family house or a small yard.

If you do not want to manage your own compost, please consult your local municipal service office. You can choose to pick up compostable materials on the side of the road. Separate trucks pick up these materials and take them to a facility where they are processed into compost. Check the list of allowable items to make sure you do not add items that cannot be processed as compost.

Sanitary landfill

Landfill is an option for items that you cannot remove through other methods. The protective lining under the waste helps prevent harmful chemicals from leaking into the groundwater and contaminating drinking water. The compacted waste is covered with a layer of soil. It is better to choose soil with low permeability for landfills to reduce the possibility of leakage. Some landfills use hardened materials such as cement or asphalt to seal each layer of waste. Landfills are usually located in areas where there is no flooding or high groundwater levels.

Fully Automatic Horizontal Hydraulic Baler

The fully automatic horizontal hydraulic baler is a mechanical and electrical integration and a very high degree of automation. It is mainly composed of mechanical systems, control systems, feeding systems, and power systems. The whole packing process consists of auxiliary time such as pressing, returning, carrying, transferring, outgoing up, outgoing down and receiving. Horizontal baler has the characteristics of good rigidity, toughness and stability, beautiful appearance, convenient operation and maintenance, safety and energy-saving, and low investment cost of equipment basic engineering. It is widely used in all kinds of waste paper factories, old waste recycling companies, and other units and enterprises. It is suitable for the packaging and recycling of old waste paper, plastic straw, etc. It is a money-making machine that improves labor efficiency, reduces labor intensity, saves manpower, and reduces transportation costs.

Brief description of the working process of the automatic horizontal hydraulic baler:

Horizontal detachable waste compress equipment is composed of 4 sets of wire devices installed on a frame. The entire wireframe is suspended on a central axis of the compression frame and is relatively compressed under the action of a hydraulic motor. The frame moves in the horizontal direction, and the compression frame is a welded component. The bottom is equipped with wheels, which can move horizontally along the main slide rail under the push of a hydraulic cylinder. The lifting platform is mainly formed by bolting two horizontal beams, and the lifting platform can move up and down in the vertical direction under the push of two hydraulic cylinders. The structure of the compression frame is basically similar to that of the compression frame, but there are 4 packing heads and 1 set of thread feeding devices arranged on it. The packaging heads of the waste paper hydraulic baler (4 in total) are the parts with the most complex structure and the most chained actions of the whole equipment. The packaging heads of each waste paper hydraulic baler have exactly the same structure and can be interchanged. There are 4 sets of thread feeding devices, each set corresponds to a packing head, and each set includes a packing line conveying device and packing line reverse tensioning device. The main rail seat of the waste paper hydraulic baler is mainly composed of two wear-resistant steel rails on the surface. The wheels of the compression frame are guided to run along the outer sides of the two tracks, and hydraulic cylinders that push the compression frame to run are arranged therein. In addition, there is a complete hydraulic station in addition to the mechanical components. It can be seen from the above description that various movements of the waste paper hydraulic baler are completed by fluid power.

Horizontal Baler

Use of automatic horizontal hydraulic baler:

The waste paper baler is used to squeeze waste paper and similar products under normal conditions and pack them into a special packaging tape to greatly reduce the volume, so as to reduce the transportation volume, save the freight, and increase the benefits for the enterprise. Used for packing loose materials such as waste paper (cardboard boxes, newsprint, etc.), waste plastics (PET bottles, plastic films, turnover boxes, etc.), straw, and other loose objects.

Features of automatic horizontal hydraulic baler:

1. PLC control, with the man-machine interface (touch screen) window type monitoring, synchronous action indication diagram with error warning, and the length of the packet can be set.

2. The floating necking design in the left, right, and up directions is conducive to the automatic distribution of pressure on all sides and can be widely used for packing different materials.

3. The pusher cylinder and the pusher head are connected by a spherical structure, which has good reliability and long service life of the oil seal.

4. The feeding port is equipped with a distributed shearing knife, which has high cutting efficiency.

5. Low noise hydraulic circuit design, high efficiency, and low failure.

6. Easy to install, no foundation required.

Composition of Horizontal Compression Garbage Station

The Waste Transfer Station Project China is composed of a foundation pit, garbage door, garbage can compression body, lifting mechanism, dozer, hydraulic system, spray deodorization system, and electrical system.

1. The compression part adopts the horizontal arrangement of the compression cylinder, that is, the horizontal compression mode. The pushing head is composed of a channel steel and steel plate. The box structure adopts a channel steel frame welding technology. Under the condition of cyclic compression and holding pressure to squeeze the moisture, the sealed box can make the final compressed density of household garbage not less than 0.95t/m3.

2. Discharge measures for wastewater generated by squeezing garbage: a sewage collection tank is installed in the pit of the garbage station, and sewage discharge holes are opened at the bottom of the compression box and the bottom of the side plate. There are two sewage collection tanks at the front and back. Garbage and sewage pass through the discharge hole, pass through the vertical water collection tank, enter the sewage collection tank, and then be discharged in a concentrated manner, and then flow into the buried pipe in the pit, equipped with an automatic sewage discharge system, and then discharged into the municipal sewage. system. There are three types of sewage control methods: manual, semi-automatic, and fully automatic.

3. The electrical control adopts centralized control with manual and automatic operation modes. It is equipped with a control cabinet and a mobile operating handle, which can be switched freely during operation. When used outdoors, the control cabinet is equipped with a stainless steel Yuyang Pavilion, which is convenient for operation and maintenance; The control system is equipped with various limit protection switches, overpressure alarms, buzzer warnings, and other protection devices; the main electrical components are well-known brands of Schneider and China.

4. Through the optimized design, the garbage can automatically circulate and compress the garbage, automatically push the garbage block, and automatically lock the garbage bin. All actions are completed automatically or manually under the hydraulic system and electric control system. The action is reliable, the operation is simple, and the maintenance Easy maintenance.

5. Hydraulic system components: the oil pump adopts domestic famous brand high-efficiency, energy-saving, and low-noise pumps, and the reversing valve adopts the Rexroth series Huade products. High-temperature fluorine rubber seals to ensure no leakage during operation.

6. When the waste transfer station system is working, the box body is a closed structure, and the joint surface is equipped with a sealing rubber strip, which effectively prevents garbage and dust from overflowing. The feeding port has a spray pipe.

7. There is a maintenance window on the trash box, which is convenient for timely access to the box for maintenance when the equipment fails, and it is usually locked to prevent irrelevant personnel from entering the box.

8. The system has a built-in buzzer. When various actions are executed, the buzzer will sound and the indicator light will flash at the same time. When the pressure reaches a safe pressure value, the system will immediately automatically cut off the main motor power supply, the hydraulic system will relieve the pressure, and at the same time, it will issue a rapid sound and light alarm to remind the operator and the surrounding people to pay attention to safety; the outer wall of the box is sprayed with eye-catching warning marks and covered An international warning mark.

Waste Transfer Station System

9. Others: Compared with products of similar manufacturers, our company's level station has the following characteristics:

1) There is a hydraulic automatic switch cover device, which reduces the labor intensity of workers and increases safety.

2) There is an anti-garbage revolving door opening mechanism to prevent the garbage from squeezing into the pit.

3) Equipped with a wireless remote control device, one person can operate the whole set of equipment when the garbage truck is docked.

4) Equipped with automatic circulation compression device, suitable for a large amount of garbage to be put in at the same time.

5) There is an automatic garbage blocking device to prevent the garbage from falling into the pit from the car.

6) Equipped with an electrical automatic control circuit, to prevent the occurrence of burning of the sewage pump.

The above features have been widely promoted and used, and have been unanimously affirmed by the environmental sanitation department.