Waste Screening Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors

 The garbage sorting equipment factory shares this article for you.

(1) Screening efficiency

In theory, the fine particles with a particle size smaller than the mesh size can pass through the mesh to become the under-screen product, while the coarse particles larger than the mesh size should be left on the screen to become the product on the screen. However, in the actual operation of the waste treatment equipment company, due to the influence of many factors during the screening process, there will always be some fine particles smaller than the screen hole left on the screen to become the product on the screen, and the fine products in the screen product that have not passed through the screen hole The more particles, the worse the screening effect. The screening efficiency is an index to evaluate the separation efficiency of the screening equipment.

(2) Influencing factors of screening efficiency

① Screening material properties The screening efficiency of materials is closely related to the size distribution, particle shape, water content and mud content of the screening materials.

The particle size distribution of construction waste particles has a great influence on the screening efficiency. The more "easy sieve particles" in the waste, the higher the screening efficiency; and the more "difficult sieve particles" with a particle size close to the sieve pore size, the lower the screening efficiency.

The shape of construction waste spikes also has an effect on the screening efficiency. Relatively speaking, the screening efficiency of spherical, cubic, and polygonal particles is higher; when square or round screens are used, flat or rectangular cubes are screened. When the material is used, the screening efficiency is low. Linear materials, such as waste wires and tubular materials, must be sieved slowly through the "needle lead" with one end facing down. The longer the material, the harder it is to sieve. In the disc sieve, the screening efficiency of this thread will be higher. For flat materials such as plastic film, paper, cardboard, etc., it will be small on the screen surface, forming a "blind zone" and clogging Large screening area, which greatly reduces the screening efficiency of materials.

The moisture content and mud content of construction waste also have a certain effect on the screening efficiency. When the screen hole is small, the external moisture of the waste will make the fine particles clump or attach to the coarse particles and not easy to penetrate the screen; when the screen hole is large, When the moisture content of the waste is high, the activity of the particles is increased. At this time, the water has the effect of promoting the fine particle sieving. The effect of moisture is also related to the mud content. When the mud content in the waste is high, a little water can also cause Fine-grained clumps.

② Performance of screening equipment The screening efficiency of screening equipment is closely related to the effective area of the screen surface. Common screen surfaces include bar screen surface, steel plate punching screen surface, and steel wire braided screen. The effective area of the bar screen surface is small, the screening efficiency is low, the effective area of the woven screen is large, the screening efficiency is high, and the punching screen surface is between the two.

The width of the screen surface is also an important factor that affects the processing capacity of the screening equipment. The length of the screen surface affects screening efficiency. The too-narrow screen surface thickens the waste layer and is not conducive to the fine particles close to the screen surface; the too widescreen surface Make the waste screening time too short, the general width to length ratio is 1: (2.5-3)

The size of the inclination of the sieve surface determines the discharge speed of the product on the screen. Too small an inclination is not conducive to the discharge of the product on the screen; if the inclination is too large, the waste discharge speed is too fast, the screening time is short, and the screening efficiency is low. Generally more suitable The sifting angle is 150~250.

③ Screening operation conditions In the screening operation, attention should be paid to continuous and uniform feeding, so that the waste is spread into a thin layer along the entire width of the screen surface, which not only makes full use of the screen surface but also facilitates the penetration of fine particles, which can improve the processing capacity of the screen and the screen Sorting efficiency. The timely cleaning and maintenance of the screen surface is also an important condition to ensure the screening efficiency.

When the vibration of the screening equipment is insufficient, the materials are not easy to be layered, which makes it difficult to penetrate the screen; when the vibration is too strong, the material is too late to penetrate the screen, and then it is re-vibrated by the person so that the waste quickly moves to the end of the screen surface and is discharged It also makes the screening efficiency not high. Therefore, the vibration frequency and amplitude should be adjusted for the vibrating screen. For the drum screen, it is important to adjust the rotation speed to maintain the vibration level at the most appropriate level.

Garbage classification

 Garbage classification (English name: Garbage classification) generally refers to a series of activities that classify and store garbage, classify and classify garbage into a series of public resources according to certain regulations or standards. The purpose of classification is to increase the resource value and economic value of garbage, and strive to make the best use of it.

Garbage belongs to the public's private goods during the classification and storage stage. After the garbage is classified and released by the public, it becomes a regional quasi-public resource of the community or community where the public is located.

Judging from the methods of domestic garbage classification in cities at home and abroad, they are generally classified according to the composition and amount of garbage, combined with the resource utilization and treatment methods of local garbage.

Carrying out garbage classification and collection can reduce the amount of garbage disposal and treatment equipment, reduce the treatment cost, and reduce the consumption of land resources. It has several social, economic, and ecological benefits.

cause

Everyone throws a lot of garbage every day. In some areas with better garbage management, most of the garbage will be harmlessly treated by sanitary landfill, incineration, compost, etc., and the garbage in more places is often simply piled up or landfilled. , Leading to the spread of odor and polluting the soil and groundwater.

The cost of harmless treatment of garbage is very high. Depending on the treatment method, the cost of processing a ton of garbage ranges from about one hundred yuan to several hundred yuan. People consume a lot of resources, mass produce, consume a lot, and produce garbage in large quantities. The consequences will be unbearable.

Judging from the methods of domestic waste classification in cities abroad, they are generally classified according to the composition and amount of waste composition, combined with the resource utilization and disposal methods of local waste. For example, Germany is generally divided into paper, glass, metal and plastic; Australia is generally divided into compostable garbage, recyclable garbage, and non-recyclable garbage; Japan is generally divided into plastic bottles, recyclable plastic, other plastics, resource garbage, and large-scale garbage , Combustible garbage, non-combustible garbage and hazardous garbage, etc.

Classification meaning

Current situation

Garbage classification is a reform of the traditional way of garbage collection and disposal, and a scientific management method for the effective disposal of garbage. Faced with the increasing situation of increasing garbage production and the deterioration of environmental conditions, how to maximize the utilization of garbage resources, reduce the amount of garbage disposal, and improve the living environment through garbage classification management is an urgent issue of common concern to all countries in the world.

The reason for the increase in garbage is the improvement of people's living standards and increased consumption. According to statistics, in 1979, the amount of urban garbage collected nationwide was more than 25 million tons. In 1996, the amount of urban garbage collected was 1.16 yuan/ton, which was four times that of 1979. Although the garbage after high temperature incineration will not occupy a large amount of land, but its investment is amazing. Do we have no way to deal with garbage? There are ways, this is garbage classification. Garbage classification is to put garbage into the source at the source, and to make it a resource again through the removal and recycling of the classification.

The advantages of garbage classification are as follows:

Reduce land erosion

Some substances in domestic garbage are not easily degraded, which seriously erodes the land. Garbage classification, remove recyclable and non-degradable substances, reduce the amount of garbage by more than 60%.

Reduce pollution

Most of the waste disposal in China adopts sanitary landfill or even simple landfill, which occupies tens of thousands of acres of land; and the flies fly, the sewage overflows, and the smelly air smokes, seriously polluting the environment.

we provide garbage sorting system,you can know it.

How Can Garbage Sorting Equipment Recycle Garbage?

 1. Resource-saving (volume reduction and volume reduction) is a good way to prevent problems from the source.

Resource-saving (volume reduction, volume reduction) is to reduce or suppress the production of plastic waste, including less use, that is, use as much as possible, or useless; or by filling natural organic materials or inorganic materials, to reduce the amount of plastic, Or reduce the consumption of disposable plastic packaging by improving product quality, increasing functionality, extending life, and multi-use. Thinning, that is, on the premise of ensuring application performance, by changing the raw material formula and product structure design, make the product lighter and thinner. Volume reduction, that is, reducing the volume of plastic waste through compaction, dissolution, defoaming, etc., and developing appropriate packaging to suppress excess packaging, etc.

2. Recycling (recycling) is an important measure of environmental harmlessness.

The garbage sorting system supplier believes that recycling (recycling) is not only a technical issue but more importantly, it includes a whole set of system engineering issues from legislation, recycling, production, inspection, and sales. It is an effective method for all countries to actively develop to ensure the sustainable development of the national economy and the coordination of economy, resources, and environment. In general, a considerable part of plastic waste is easy to recycle. However, for disposable plastic waste, it must be based on the type, quality, quantity, flow direction, and treatment method of the waste in each place. It is easy to recycle and has recycling value. Economically cost-effective should be recycled as much as possible, including materials, heat, Fuel oil, chemicals, etc., which are not only conducive to protecting the environment but also have significant decisions from the perspective of saving the earth’s limited resources and effectively using renewable resources. However, the current recycling will face many technical and economic difficulties regardless of the establishment of waste classification, collection and recycling systems, the development of efficient recycling technology and equipment, and the product direction of recycled materials. Increase investment in science and technology, and work together as a key issue to study and solve.

Municipal Waste Sorting Machine

3. Harmless (degradable)

In real life, there are many disposable plastic wastes that are difficult to collect, such as compost bags, garbage bags, supermarkets, light plastic packaging bags used in the morning market, etc. or even mandatory collection, economic benefits are poor or even non-effective, such as Chinese food Tableware, plastic film, etc., these fields are more suitable for the use of degradable plastics. The use of municipal waste sorting machine has the following characteristics:

①Practicability: its application performance and hygienic performance are similar or equivalent to ordinary plastics;

 ②Degradability: After completing the use function, it can degrade faster under natural environmental conditions and become harmless fragments or debris easily absorbed by the environment;

③Safety: Substances generated during degradation and remaining after degradation are not harmful to the environment or potentially harmful;

④Economy: The price is the same as or slightly higher than similar ordinary plastic products. Therefore, for those disposable plastic products that are large, scattered, messy, difficult to collect, or economically unreasonable even if forced to collect, it is more appropriate to use degradable plastics, which can be degraded and broken into harmless fragments in a short period of time to achieve plastic waste reduction. Tolerance reduction, the purpose of reducing or suppressing environmental pollution. With the passage of time, it can eventually degrade completely and return to nature.

 

The Main Method of Garbage Sorting

 China waste segregation machine supplier shares this article for you.

As the front-end technology of garbage disposal, garbage sorting technology is an indispensable procedure for the reuse of resources and the subsequent processing chain of garbage disposal. And especially in the chain of garbage incineration, sorting technology is particularly important. Garbage sorting can not only improve the utilization rate of resources to achieve the reuse of resources, but also improve the efficiency of garbage incineration.

The waste sorting technology can choose different ways of different wastes. Polaris Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Network have sorted out the main technologies of waste sorting. The waste sorting technology can be divided into the following types:

Air & Ballistic separator

Wind sorting

The basic principle of wind separation is that the airflow takes the lighter materials upward or the horizontal direction to a farther place, while the heavy materials are settled because the ascending airflow cannot support them, or thrown closer in the horizontal direction due to inertia distance. The wind separation process is based on the sedimentation law of various solid particles in the air. Air separation is mainly to recycle recyclable components such as paper and plastic.

magnetic separation

Magnetic separation technology is mainly used for the classification of mineral resources. The working principle of magnetic separation is that after other materials are selected into the separation space of the magnetic separator, they are subjected to magnetic force and other mechanical forces (such as gravity, centrifugal force, friction force, medium) Resistance, etc.).

Bounce sorting

Bounce sorting machine is conveying equipment with separation function designed for sorting inorganic particles in the garbage after coarse crushing. The machine utilizes the characteristics of the crushed garbage materials, and the design of the conveyor belt bounce function conveys the materials on one side while separating the inorganic particles or other hard particles. The separated particles move in the opposite direction to the transport materials to achieve the purpose of separation. Bounce sorting is mainly to select components such as batteries, ceramics, and masonry.

Density sorting

Sorting is mainly based on the density of objects, and garbage with different density values is classified.

Automatic sorting

Domestic waste automatic sorting technology is a relatively mature domestic waste sorting technology. This technology combines mechanical, automatic control, microbiological and other methods, and uses an original mechanical-biological sorting method and device in a fluid environment, sewage comprehensive wetland treatment cycle The use of technology, TR microbial detoxification, and other technologies, the entire system has a high degree of automation, and there is little direct human participation. The entire system has a total of 22 classification exports, which can classify (or separate) mixed domestic waste into oversized pieces of waste, ferrous metals, and non-ferrous metals. 11 substances including metals, plastics and foams, flexible blocks, perishable organics, non-perishable organics, masonry glass, sand, waste batteries, landfills, etc., the waste recycling rate reach more than 85%, and the disposal project The sewage, dust, bacteria, and viruses in the plant have been treated and controlled.

In order to further improve the level of municipal solid waste sorting technology, it is also necessary to optimize and innovate the automatic sorting technology of municipal solid waste recycling, improve its sorting efficiency and sorting accuracy, and reduce system construction costs and operating energy consumption, material consumption and Management input. If the optimized and innovative municipal solid waste resource separation technology is adopted, more than 90% of the components in the waste can be used for resources, greatly reducing the amount of waste landfill, and prolonging the service life of the municipal solid waste landfill. Garbage sorting system for the garbage disposal to achieve harmless, reduce the goal of providing greater possibilities.

The Significance of Garbage Classification

 1. Reduce environmental pollution garbage sorting

Because garbage is not classified, modern garbage contains chemical substances, and some will cause the incidence of people to increase. If you dispose of garbage by landfilling or stacking, even if you are away from the living place and landfill the garbage, and adopt the corresponding isolation technology, it is difficult to prevent the penetration of harmful substances, which will enter the entire ecosystem with the circulation of the earth , Pollution of water sources and land, through plants or animals, will ultimately affect people's health.

2. Save land resources

At present, there are two ways to dispose of garbage in our country, one is landfilling, and the other is garbage stacking. No matter what kind of garbage, the essence is to transport garbage from one place to another and still occupy land resources. For now, landfills are the simplest and most convenient way of disposal, but they are extremely unfavorable for future development. The land resources of a country are fixed, and the per capita land in China, especially the cultivated land per capita, is below the world average. Landfills are irrecoverable sites, that is, they cannot be used as living quarters again. If the land resources are turned into garbage disposal sites, it is equivalent to chronic suicide, and the cost of land restoration in the future will be very expensive.

3. Utilization of renewable resources

The generation of garbage is because people do not make good use of resources, and discard the resources they do not use as garbage. This waste of resources is inestimable for the loss of the entire ecosystem. Once the garbage is disposed of by landfill or incineration It is extremely difficult to reuse it. Before the garbage treatment, the garbage can be turned into treasure through waste sorting and recycling, such as recycling paper can protect the forest and reduce the waste of forest resources; recycling biological waste such as peel vegetables can be used as a green fertilizer to make the land more fertile.

Garbage Sorting Machine

4. Improve people's values

The waste sorting system is the best solution and the best way to deal with waste pollution. Carrying out garbage classification has become an inevitable path for a country's development. Garbage classification can make people learn to save resources, use resources, develop good living habits, and improve their personal quality. If a person can develop good waste sorting habits, then he will also pay attention to environmental protection issues, pay attention to the preciousness of resources in life, and develop the habit of saving resources.

Garbage Sorting Equipment Manufacturer China believes: Garbage sorting is a project that benefits modern times and is beneficial to the future. Garbage sorting can protect precious land resources, reduce environmental pollution, and build a green and environmentally friendly social environment. Only when people develop the habit of sorting garbage, and realize the importance of saving resources in life, can they continuously improve their self-cultivation and start from themselves to contribute to environmental protection. In addition, garbage classification can also promote economic growth. Through continuous technical research on garbage recycling, garbage can be turned into waste.

The hazards of urban garbage are mainly manifested in:

　　 1. Serious air pollution

　　 2. Severely polluted water

　　 3. Biological pollution

　　 4. Occupy a lot of lands

　　 5. Unexpected accidents of garbage gas explosion

　　 6. Waste of resources.

In addition, waste disposal also consumes a lot of capital. However, a considerable part of the garbage is recyclable resources. About one-third of the materials in domestic garbage in our country, such as waste paper, waste glass, waste plastics, and waste metal, can be reused. If we consider the organic matter in the garbage to make farmhouse fertilizer, the available ratio will be higher. However, the general urban disposal method is simple, and the value of renewable resources thrown away in the garbage every year is as high as 25 billion yuan.

What is the significance of the garbage sorting machine.

At present, most of the garbage disposal methods are still in the traditional landfilling method, occupying tens of thousands of acres of land; and the flies fly, the sewage overflows, and the smelly air smokes, seriously polluting the environment. Therefore, garbage classification and collection can reduce the amount of garbage disposal and treatment equipment, reduce the treatment cost, reduce the consumption of land resources, and have social, economic, and ecological benefits.

1. Reducing land occupation: Some substances in domestic garbage are not easily degraded, and the land is severely eroded. Garbage classification, remove recyclable and non-degradable substances, reduce the amount of garbage by more than 50%.

2. Reduce environmental pollution: Waste batteries contain toxic substances such as metallic mercury and cadmium, which will cause serious harm to humans; waste plastics in the soil will cause crops to reduce production; discarded waste materials are eaten by animals by mistake and cause animal death Accidents happen from time to time. Therefore, recycling may reduce harm.

3. Turn waste into treasure: China uses 3 billion plastic fast food boxes each year, 500-600 million instant noodle bowls, and waste plastic accounts for 3-7% of domestic garbage. One ton of waste plastic can reclaim 600 kg of unleaded gasoline and diesel. Recycling 1500 tons of waste paper can avoid the felling of forest trees used to produce 1200 tons of paper. A ton of cans can be melted into a ton of good aluminum after melting, and 20 tons of aluminum ore can be mined. 30%-40% of the production waste can be recycled, and this small and profitable resource should be cherished.

Operation Cycle and Corresponding Maintenance of Garbage Transfer Station

 China mobile waste sorting machine supplier shares this article for you

Operation and maintenance of garbage transfer station: 70 hours of operation is focused on tightening and lubrication

(1) Whether the flange connecting bolts of the compression cylinder and the connecting bolts of the frame is loose;

(2) Check the connecting bolts, joints, pipe hoops, pipe clamps, etc. in each part of the tightening hydraulic system, and check for oil leakage;

(3) The quantity of hydraulic oil should ensure that the oil level of the hydraulic oil is above the centerline of the liquid level gauge. If the superior position is significantly reduced, the oil tank, valves, and tubing should be checked for damage and repaired in time until they can work normally ;

(4) Check whether the sliding parts such as the indenter, the guide device of the compression storage tank, the piston rod of the oil cylinder, and the bearing of the support frame are flexible, and the standard brand of lubricating oil should be injected regularly.

500h maintenance of garbage transfer station operation: focus on adjustment during 500h operation

(1) Check whether the clearance of the guide roller is appropriate, and adjust it if necessary;

(2) Check the wear of the push plate and sly roller, replace if necessary;

(3) Check if there is any slight deformation of the parts in each working device, if necessary, correct it;

(4) Check whether the hydraulic components can work normally, dismantle or replace if necessary, if there is oil leakage, replace the seals;

(5) Hydraulic oil: Observe whether it is dirty or deteriorated. If the hydraulic oil is in poor condition, the hydraulic oil should be replaced;

(6) Retighten all bolts on the machine;

Refuse transfer station operation 2000h maintenance: Operation 2000h maintenance focuses on comprehensive technical inspection and adjustment of the operation device to eliminate hidden dangers.

(1) Check whether the travel switch is reliable and replace it if necessary;

(2) Check and repair all welds, especially the welds in important parts;

(3) Check the wear and operation of parts of each device, and replace those with serious wear and operation;

(4) The hydraulic components should be disassembled and inspected by technicians familiar with the hydraulic transmission. The disassembly should be carried out in strict accordance with its regulations and must not be disassembled at will. Check the damage of parts, replace the severely damaged ones, and replace the whole components if unconditional. If the performance of the component drops seriously, the entire component should also be replaced. The seals in the hydraulic components depend on the situation and are replaced if necessary;

(5) Clean the hydraulic oil tank, each oil filter, air filter, and hydraulic pipeline, replace the hydraulic oil, and replace the seals and hoses with abrasive damage. ,

Main Features of Refuse Transfer Station

 The main characteristics of the garbage transfer station are as follows:

1. The movement control of the loading and unloading compartments of the vehicle adopts the advanced control technology of the combination of gas and electricity, which can be controlled in the cab and on the ground.

2. The structure of the carriage adopts a structure that is easy to dump garbage, and the structure of the discharge door adopts hydraulic opening, locking technology, reliable and practical.

3. The equipment mechanism in the transfer station is optimized, with compact structure, convenient operation, simple maintenance, a high degree of automation, high safety, high operating efficiency, and a pleasant environment.

4. All the steel structural parts have undergone reliable chemical anti-corrosion treatment and surface spraying. The garbage hopper is made of stainless steel to resist the corrosion of the equipment by the garbage and extend the service life of the equipment.

5. The operation control system adopts PLC programmable controller and an electro-hydraulic chain. The movements are automatically converted into chains according to the prescribed order. The system design is safe and reliable, which avoids damage to the machine parts or other accidents due to operational errors. The main components such as PLC and stroke switch adopt international famous brand OMRON, and the system reliability is high.

6. The waste compression machine is connected to the compression box, using a fully automatic four-point clamping method with mechanical, electrical and hydraulic integration design, unique design, safe, and reliable. Reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve work efficiency.

7. The connection and locking of the compressor and the compression box and the opening of the garbage bin gate are automatically sequence controlled. The efficiency is high and the operation is simple. The garbage will never be scattered outward. The joint of the compression box door is sealed with special materials to avoid the Leakage of sewage and garbage reduces secondary pollution and avoids secondary cleaning.

Waste Compacting Station

8. The waste compacting station shifting method is adopted, which is convenient, flexible, accurate, and reliable, reduces the floor space, improves the transfer efficiency, and saves investment.

9. The material turning mechanism is dual-purpose: it can be used not only for bulk garbage but also for barrel garbage.

10. It can be converted into a small motorized garbage collection truck and dumped directly into the compression chamber.

11. Hydraulic system: The hydraulic pump adopts PAKER-DENISON wear-resistant low-noise vane pump. The hydraulic control valve uses EATON-VICKERS components.

12. A variety of installation methods are available to design a more suitable transit station according to local conditions.

13. The equipment of the transfer station system has a simple foundation and no complex pits. Therefore, the transfer station has a flat ground, easy maintenance, clear operation, and a pleasant environment to reduce the labor intensity of environmental workers, highlight safety, and reduce the cost of the transfer station equipment.

14. Equipped with a water spray mist dust reduction device, which can be used to effectively keep the air clean in the dry season.